English Lesson with Mr. Brown

Simple Past form - Year 2

Come costruiamo il Simple Past Tense?

Ecco una mappa del simple past che puoi stampare copiaincollandola in un file di word:

	V1 base	V2 past	V3 past participle (questa colonna non ti serve per ora)
regular verb	work explode like	worked exploded liked	worked exploded liked	Il simple past di tutti i verbi regolari termina in -ed.
irregular verb	go see sing	went saw sang	gone seen sung	Il simple past di tutti i verbi irregolari è variabile. Devi impararli a memoria!
			Non ti serve il participio passato per formare il simple past tense. In questa tabella è riportato solo per completezza.

Struttura per le  frasi affermative:

 

• SOGGETTO   +   (VERBO BASE+ED)   per i verbi regolari

           Esempio: You played tennis

• SOGGETTO   +   PAST FORM  per i verbi irregolari: seconda voce del paradigma

          Esempio: You ate an apple.

 Struttura per le  frasi negative per i verbi regolari e irregolari:


 SOGGETTO   +  DIDN'T (= DID NOT)   +   VERBO BASE


Esempio: You didn't play tennis.
                  You didn't eat an apple.

 Struttura per le  frasi interrogative per i verbi regolari e irregolari:

 
 DID + SOGGETTO   +   VERBO BASE


Esempio: Did you play tennis?
               Did you eat an apple?

 Il verbo ausiliare did è lo stesso per tutte le persone = I did, you did, he did etc). 

	subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I			went	to school.
	You			worked	very hard.
-	She	did	not	go	with me.
	We	did	not	work	yesterday.
?	Did	you		go	to London?
	Did	they		work	at home?

Eccezione! Il verbo to be (essere) è diverso: 

	subject	main verb
+	I, he/she/it	was		here.
	You, we, they	were		in London.
-	I, he/she/it	was	not	there.
	You, we, they	were	not	happy.
?	Was	I, he/she/it		right?
	Were	you, we, they		late?

Col past tense del verbo to be, non usare ausiliari per le frasi negative ed interrogative. 
Per fare una domanda, scambia di posto il soggetto con il verbo! Esempi:

• You were happy yesterday.
• You were not (=weren't) happy yesterday.
• Were you happy yesterday?

Short answers (risposte brevi):


Per le risposte brevi, usa lo stesso ausiliare che trovi nelle domande!


Esempi:

• Was he at home yesterday? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn't.
• Did you play tennis yesterday? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
• Did you eat an apple yesterday? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.

Lista dei verbi irregolari:

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs

Practice:

http://www.bradleys-english-school.com/online/jigword/jigpast1.html
http://www.bradleys-english-school.com/online/jigword/jigpast3.html
http://www.bradleys-english-school.com/online/jigword/jigpast4.html
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-1/exercise-english-989.php
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-past/exercises?03
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-past/exercises?04
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-past/exercises
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs/exercise?1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/irregular-verbs/exercise?0
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-past-1
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_statements.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_statements2.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_negation_sentences.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_negation_sentences2.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_negation_sentences3.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/questions/simple_past.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/questions/simple_past2.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_mix.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_mix2.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_ed.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/simple_past_ed2.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/was_were.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/was_not_were_not.htm
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/pastsimple/exercise2.swf
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-simple-exercise-8.html
http://www.english-room.com/pasttense_6a.htm
http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/englishfile/elementary/a_grammar/file05/grammar05_d02/
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1939

Simple Past tense games:

http://www.manythings.org/wbg/verbs_past2-mw.html
http://www.bradleys-english-school.com/online/concentration/past3.html
http://www.bradleys-english-school.com/online/concentration/past1.html
http://www.bradleys-english-school.com/online/matchingpairs/mpiregpast1.html
http://www.bradleys-english-school.com/online/matchingpairs/mpiregpast5.html

(where is the error in the position of the words in this picture?)



Simple past use

USE 1 - Azione conclusa nel passato

Usa il Simple Past per parlare di un'azione iniziata e finita nel passato in un determinato momento.

Esempi:

• I saw a movie yesterday.
• I didn't see a play yesterday.
• Last year, I went to Japan.
• Last year, I didn't go to Korea.
• Did you have dinner last night?
• She washed her car.
• He didn't wash her car.

USE 2 - Serie di azioni concluse

Usa il Simple Past per parlare di una lista di azioni accadute nel passato in successione.

Esempi:

• I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
• He arrived from the airport at 8:00, went to the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.
• Did you take the milk, and then add the sugar?

 

USE 3 - Azioni di varia durata accadute nel passato

Il Simple past può essere usato per parlare di un'azione di una certa durata che è iniziata e finita nel passato.

In questo caso si possono usare espressioni come for two years (per due anni), for five minutes (per 5 minuti), all day (per tutto il giorno), all year (per tutto l'anno), etc.

Esempi:

• I lived in Brazil for two years.
• Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
• They sat at the beach all day.
• They did not stay at the party the entire time.
• We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
• A: How long did you wait for them?
  B: We waited for one hour.

 

USE 4 - Abitudini nel passato

ll Simple Past può essere usato anche per descrivere abitudini che si avevano in passato.

In questo caso si possono usare espressioni come always (sempre), often (spesso), usually (di solito), never (mai), when I was a child (quando ero piccolo/a), when I was younger (quando ero più giovane), etc.

Esempi:

• I studied French when I was a child.
• He played the violin.
• He didn't play the piano.
• Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
• She worked at the movie theater after school.
• They never went to school, they always skipped class.

USE 5 - Fatti accaduti nel passato o generalizzazioni

Il Simple Past può essere usato anche per descrivere eventi accaduti nel passato o cose in genere sempre vere nel passato, che non sono più così adesso nel presente.

Esempi:

• She was funny when she was a child, but now she is very seroius.
• He didn't like tomatoes before.
• Did you live in Texas when you were young?
• People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.

(did you find all the errors in sentences of the pictures?)

Personal Object Pronouns - pronomi personali complemento

Questi sono i pronomi personali complemento, seguiti da alcune frasi di esempio:

Ricorda! L'oggetto della frase riceve l'azione del verbo.

I pronomi personali complemento vengono dopo un verbo o una preposizione!



number	person	gender	personal pronouns
			subject	object
singular	1st	male/female	I	me
	2nd	male/female	you	you
	3rd	male	he	him
		female	she	her
		neuter	it	it
plural	1st	male/female	we	us
	2nd	male/female	you	you
	3rd	male/female/neuter	they	them

Esempi: (in ognuno dei casi, il primo esempio mostra un pronome soggetto, il secondo un pronome complemento):

• I like coffee.
• John helps me.

• You love John.
• John loves you.

• He runs fast.
• Do you see him?

• She is intelligent.
• I like her.

• It is big.
• Can you take it?

• We go home.
• Anthony comes with us.

• You know me.
• I know you!

• They play football.
• John plays with them.

Practice:

http://www.quia.com/cz/66710.html?AP_rand=661754168
http://www.1-language.com/englishcourse/unit8_grammar_exs.htm
http://www.1-language.com/englishcourse/unit8_grammar_exs2.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/pronouns/personal_pronouns3.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/pronouns/exercises?02
http://www.english-4u.de/pers_pronouns_ex1.htm
http://www.english-4u.de/pers_pronouns_ex2.htm
http://www.english-4u.de/pers_pronouns_ex3.htm
http://www.english-4u.de/pers_pronouns_ex4.htm
http://www.english-4u.de/pers_pronouns_ex5.htm
http://www.english-4u.de/pers_pronouns_ex6.htm
http://perso.wanadoo.es/autoenglish/gr.pronoun.i.htm
http://a4esl.org/q/h/9901/jd-pronouns.html

Personal subject pronouns - pronomi personali soggetto

I pronomi personali soggetto sono:

Fai attenzione quando usi questi pronomi! Specialmente la terza persona singolare!

HE = si usa per un essere umano maschio

SHE = si usa per un essere umano femmina

IT = si usa per animali e cose.

Se si sta parlando del proprio animale domestico, e si sa se è un maschio o una femmina, si può usare he o she.

Practice:


http://www.nspeak.com/newbasic/grammatica/pronomiperson.htm
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2410
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-5556.php
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1688
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1014
http://www.english-room.com/quiz/02_pronouns_1.htm
http://www.my-english.edu.pl/index.php?id=22
http://personales.ya.com/mjandres/archivos/pronouns1.htm
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2321
http://personales.ya.com/mjandres/archivos/pronouns1.htm
http://www.hseidensticker.de/unit0/subperpron.htm

Hallowe'en

Hallowe'en is a special ghost festival. It happens on the night of 31 October. People wear special clothes at Hallowe'en. They tell ghost stories and play games.

Hallow'en is very popular in the USA. Children visit the houses of their neighbours. They wear strange costumes and say 'trick or treat? The neighbour then gives them a 'treat' or something nice. This could be a sweet or an apple.

Jack-o'-lantern

 The Jack-o'-lantern is a popular part of Halloween. This is a pumpkin with a face carved out (see picture above). Inside the pumkin there is a candle. The candle is to frighten the witches away.

Another tradition is a special Halloween cake. This has a silver coin inside. When the cake is cut, someone finds the coin in one of the pieces. This person will become rich.

Today Halloween is a fun festival. But in the past it was very frightening. People called it 'The night of the flying witches.' They thought these witches could do terrible magic. They lit fires to frighten them.

.

Exercise

.

Hallowe'en Jokes:

Q: Where do mummies go for a swim?
A: To the dead sea.

Q: Mommy, Mommy, the kids all call me a werewolf.
A: Don’t listen to them, dear, now go and comb your face.

Q: Why should a skeleton drink 10 glasses of milk a day?
A: It's good for the bones

Q: What is a young skeleton?
A: A skeleteen.

Q: Where does Dracula keep his valuables?
A: In a blood bank.

Q: How does a witch tell time?
A: She looks at her witch watch.

Q: What do ghosts serve for dessert?
A: Ice Scream.

Q: Where do ghosts mail their letters?
A: At the ghost office.

Q: How does a monster count to 11?
A: On his fingers.

And more:

...Need ideas for easy homemade Hallowe'en costumes?

Here are some:

SOOO... Happy Hallowe'en, and HAVE FUN!

U2 and the Present Perfect: "I still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For" - Year 3

  "I still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For" is an old song by U2.  This was one of their first big hits.

The song is used to learn English because it has many examples of the present perfect.  
The present perfect is a verb tense in English that uses "have" or "has" and a past participle. U2 use this tense because they talk about one's past experiences in an indefinite time, saying that he still (non ancora) hasn't found what he is searching.

Watch the video with the lyrics and pay attention to the examples of the present perfect.

I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For  - 1987

I have climbed the highest mountain
I have run through the fields
Only to be with you
Only to be with you

I have run, I have crawled
I have scaled these city walls
These city walls
Only to be with you

But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for

I have kissed honey lips
Felt the healing in her fingertips
It burned like fire
This burning desire
I have spoken with the tongue of angels
I have held the hand of a devil
It was warm in the night
I was cold as a stone

But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for

I believe in the kingdom come
Then all the colors will bleed into one
Bleed into one
Well, yes, I'm still running

You broke the bonds and you
Loosed the chains
Carried the cross
And all my shame
All my shame
You know I believe it

But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for

 

Traduzione italiana: Non Ho Ancora Trovato Quel Che Sto cercando

 

Ho scalato la montagna più alta
Ho corso attraverso i campi
Solo per stare con te
Solo per stare con te

Ho corso, ho strisciato
Ho scalato questi muri di città
Questi muri di città
Solo per stare con te

Ma non ho ancora trovato quel che sto cercando
Ma non ho ancora trovato quel
che sto cercando

Ho baciato labbra al miele
Sentito la guarigione sulla punta delle sue dita
Bruciava come il fuoco
Questo desiderio ardente
Ho parlato la lingua degli angeli

Ho tenuto per mano un diavolo
Era calda nella notte
Io ero freddo come una pietra

Ma non ho ancora trovato quel che sto cercando
Ma non ho ancora trovato quel che sto cercando

Credo nel regno che verrà
Quando ogni colore sfumerà in uno
Sfumerà in uno
Beh, si, sto ancora correndo

Hai spezzato i vincoli
Hai allentato le catene
Portato la croce
E tutta la mia vergogna
Tutta la mia vergogna
Sai che ci credo

Ma non ho ancora trovato quel che sto cercando...