The Simple Present Tense

Come costruiamo il Simple Present Tense?

Forma affermativa:

SOGGETTO	+	VERBO BASE(+ S     per la 3a persona singolare)

Esempio:    I play
                    You play
                    He / She / It plays
                    We play
                    You play
                    They play



Stai attento quando formi la terza persona singolare):

• I verbi can, may, might, must rimangono gli stessi in tutte le forme. Quindi non aggiungere la s)

                       esempio: he can, she may, it must

• I verbi che terminano con una o oppure con una consonante sibilante (ch, sh, s, x) aggiungono es invece che solo s.

               esempio: do - he does, wash - she washes - fix - he fixes, watch - she watches,

               go, he goes

• Una y finale dopo una consonante diventa ie prima della s.

               esempio: worry - he worries, study - he studies

• Ma: una y finale dopo una vocale (a, e, i, o, u) non si modifica

           esempio: play - he plays, buy - she buys






Forma interrogativa:

(DO / DOES (per la 3a persona singolare)	+	SOGGETTO	+	VERBO BASE

Esempio:   Do I play?
                    Do you play?
                    Does He / She / It play?
                    Do we play?
                    Do you play?
                    Do they play?






Forma negativa:

SOGGETTO	+	DON'T / DOESN'T per la 3a persona singolare	+	VERBO BASE

Esempio:   I don't play
                   You don't play
                   He / She / It doesn't play
                   We don't play
                   You don't play
                   They don't play


Don't = do + not




Fai attenzione:

1. Per frasi affermative, normalmente non si usa l'ausiliare do.
2. Alla terza persona singolare (he, she, it) si aggiunge s al verbo base o es all'ausiliare do.
3. Con il verbo to be non si usano ausiliari nelle forme affermativa e negativa.

Guarda questi esempi con il verbo like:

	subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I, you, we, they			like	coffee.
	He, she, it			likes	coffee.
-	I, you, we, they	do	not	like	coffee.
	He, she, it	does	not	like	coffee.
?	Do	I, you, we, they		like	coffee?
	Does	he, she, it		like	coffee?

Risposte brevi:


Per le risposte brevi a domande contenenti tutti i verbi
eccetto to be, usa sempre il verbo ausiliare do)!


Esempi:

• Do you like chocolate? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
• Does he go to school? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
• Do they speak Englisk? Yes, they do. / No, they don't.
• Does it have a bone? Yes, it does. / No, it doesn't.
• Does she watch TV? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 

The Verb TO BE:


Guarda questi esempi con il verbo be. Nota che non ci sono ausiliari:

	subject	main verb
+	I	am		French.
	You, we, they	are		French.
	He, she, it	is		French.
-	I	am	not	old.
	You, we, they	are	not	old.
	He, she, it	is	not	old.
?	Am	I		late?
	Are	you, we, they		late?
	Is	he, she, it		late?

 Risposte brevi:

Per le risposte brevi con il verbo to be, usa sempre il verbo to be! 

Esempi:

• Are you happy? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
• Is she a teacher? Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.
• Are they your friends? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
• Is it a pen? Yes, it is. /No, it isn't.

 Come usiamo il Simple Present Tense?

 Usiamo il simple present tense quando:

• l'azione è generale
• l'azione accade sempre, o abitualmente, nel passato, nel presente e nel futuro
• l'azione non sta accadendo solo adesso
• l'affermazione è sempre vera

John drives a taxi. (John guida un taxi)
past	present	future
(E' il lavoro di John guidare un taxi. Lo fa ogni giorno. Passato, presente, futuro.)

Guarda questi esempi:

• I live in New York.
• The Moon goes round the Earth.
• John drives a taxi.
• He does not drive a bus.
• We meet every Thursday.
• We do not work at night.
• Do you play football?

Nota che con il verbo to be, si può usare il simple present per situazioni che non sono generali, ma che stanno accadendo adesso.

Guarda questi esempi con il verbo to be: alcune sono generali, altre stanno accadendo ora:

Am I right? Tara is not at home. You are happy.
past	present	future
(La situazione è adesso)

 

I am not fat. Why are you so beautiful? Ram is tall.
past	present	future
(La situazione è generale. Passato, presente e futuro)

Practice:

http://www.citycol.com/esol/saccess/lang_systems/grammar/gr-beg/g-b-it/be.htm
http://www.pilarcordoba.com/1eso/to_be/tobe1.htm
http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/ceip_san_tesifon/recursos/ingles/act_interactivas/cuestionarios/tobe0.htm
http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/englishfile/elementary/a_grammar/file01/grammar01_a01/
http://michel.barbot.pagesperso-orange.fr/cap/be_have/exo0.htm
http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/ceip_san_tesifon/recursos/ingles/act_interactivas/cuestionarios/tobeneg_2.htm
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-1545.php
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-7940.php
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-1/exercise-english-924.php
http://www.eoilangreo.net/cristina/children/be3.htm
http://www.members.iinet.net.au/~adelegc/grammar/present_simple/to_be.html
http://www.englishmaven.org/HP6/Present%20Tense%20Exercise%201.htm
http://www.englishmaven.org/HP6/Present%20Tense%20Exercise%202.htm
http://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/PresSimpleNegat1.htm
http://www.eflnet.com/grammar/presentagreement.php
http://www.englishmaven.org/HP6/Present%20Tense%20Exercise%206.htm
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-8953.php
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-28975.php
http://www.carmenlu.com/first/grammar/present1_1pos.htm
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pres1.htm
http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/torredelprado/ingles/present_simple1.htm
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-exercise-3.html
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2829
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-exercise-2.html
http://www.english-room.com/negative_5.htm
http://www.english-room.com/dodoes_5.htm
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-exercise-4.html
http://www.bastrimbos.com/Hotpotatoesfiles/spresvraag2.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-present/form/exercises
http://mrc.ltd.free.fr/Easy%20Beginner/Exercises/PresentSimple.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-present/form/exercises?02
http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentsimple/exercise4.swf
http://www.iescampanillas.org/ingles/activities/presentsimple/presenttenquiz.htm
http://www.english-area.com/paginas/presentesimpleE1.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simple-present/form/exercises?03
http://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/PresSimpleAffirm2.htm
http://www.isabelperez.com/present-sp-1.htm
http://www.my-english.edu.pl/index.php?id=10
http://www.englishlearner.com/tests/present-simple-mix-1.shtml